![]() Matthews DR, Hosker JP, Rudenski AS, Naylor BA, Treacher DF, Turner RC. Insulin resistance can progress to pre-diabetes ( A1C elevated levels) or type 2 diabetes. Insulin resistance defines the state in which the body does not respond to the action of insulin, therefore the normal regulatory mechanisms of glucose are impaired.Ĭommon risk factors for insulin resistance include obesity, abdominal fat disposition, age over 45, sedentary lifestyle, hypertension. Results from several studies have shown that there is reasonable correlation between the HOMA-IR and the glucose clamp measurement, however, agreement levels have shown that there is still room for refinement before the model can be fully implemented for clinical use. HOMA-IR is a preferred estimate for insulin resistance as glucose clamp methods, the current gold standard, are resource intensive and time consuming. Several studies use the 2.0 value as cut-off for increased insulin resistance. ![]() Normal reference levels for HOMA-IR range between 0.7 and 2.0. HOMA-IR = (Fasting insulin in mIU/L x Fasting glucose in mg/dL) / 405.The HOMA-IR is being used extensively for estimates of beta cell function and insulin resistance, both in clinical practice and studies, with the caveat that it cannot be used on patients on insulin.
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